of Heinrich Hohenstaufen and Costanza (Altavilla) von Hohenstaufen [sibling(s) unknown] Husband of Constance (Aragón) Hohenstaufen — married 15 Aug 1209 (to 23 Jun 1222) in Messina, Sicily. However, his enemies, especially the popes, prevailed, and his dynasty collapsed soon after … Frederick II, 1194–1250, Holy Roman emperor (1220–50) and German king (1212–20), king of Sicily (1197–1250), and king of Jerusalem (1229–50), son of Holy Roman Emperor … Who was Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor? Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225. Naples hosts what is thought to be the oldest state university in the world, in the form of the University of Naples Federico II, which was founded by Frederick II in 1224. The Sicilian School was a small community of Sicilian and mainland Italian poets gathered around Frederick II, most of them belonging to his imperial court. He was often assailed and faced excommunication four times. Son. Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250; Fidiricu, Federico, Friedrich) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225. He came under the tutelage of Cencio, who later went on to become Pope Honorius III. In the same year he concluded an alliance with France against Otto, who was decisively defeated at the Battle of Bouvines in July 1214. Holy Roman Emperor. Bust of Jupiter from Frederick II's triumphal arch in Capua.jpg. Soon, he conquered south Germany and was re-elected as King of Germany at Frankfurt by majority of the princes which followed his coronation in Mainz on December 9, 1212. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository. Friedrich II Emperor of Germany; Frederick; Emperor of Germany Friedrich II; History Created April 1, 2008; 3 revisions; Download catalog record: RDF / JSON. Frederick II of the Hohenstaufen dynasty, was a pretender to the title of King of the Romans from 1212 and unopposed holder of that monarchy from 1215. He was a religious sceptic. Frederick spent the following years consolidating his rule in Sicily. In 1231, he was successful in establishing a new body of laws in Sicily, ‘Liber Augustalis’. Please select which sections you would like to print: While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, 1194-1250 Title ; Close. In Germany two rival kings were elected, Frederick’s uncle Philip of Swabia and Otto of Brunswick, as Otto IV. In addition, he granted important privileges to the Italian ecclesiastics and issued laws against heretics, and it seemed indeed that harmony had been reestablished between the emperor and the pope for some years to come. His unsuccessful effort to establish a strong centralized Italian state brought him into a long and bitter conflict with the papacy and the Italian urban centers. Frederick Barbarossa (German: Friedrich I., Italian: Federico I; 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I, was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. Sponsors. Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was a Holy Roman Emperor and King of Sicily in the Middle Ages, a member of the House of Hohenstaufen. https://historipediaofficial.wikia.org/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor His political and cultural ambitions, based in Sicily and stretching through Italy to Germany, and even to Jerusalem, were enormous. Otto withdrew, however, when in September 1211 a number of German princes deposed him and elected Frederick king. Frederick ruled the Holy Roman Empire on and off from 1220 to 1250. Frederick was born in Jesi, a town of the province of Ancona in the … A Hohenstaufen and grandson of Frederick I Barbarossa, he pursued his dynasty’s imperial policies against the papacy and the Italian city-states. He revoked some benefits of the barons. With his mother Constance of Hauteville as the regent. Well-educated in the Latin language, as well as Roman and canon law, Henry was also a patron of poets and a skilled poet himself. In addition to erecting a chain of castles and border fortifications, he had enlarged the harbours of his kingdom and established a navy and a fleet of merchant vessels. In 1153, King Frederick traveled to Italy with an army. https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor Although Frederick sought to exonerate himself with Pope Honorius III by claiming that the election had been held without his knowledge, he had to pay for it by surrendering extensive royal prerogatives to the German ecclesiastical princes. Their son Henry VII was born in 1211. He became King of Italy in 1155 and was crowned Roman Emperor by Pope Adrian IV on 18 June 1155. In November 22, 1220, he was coronated as the Holy Roman Emperor in St. Peter’s Church, Rome by Honorius III, while Henry, his eldest son held the title of the King of Romans. His father, Henry VI Hohenstaufen, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, died when Fredrick was only three. Frederick was before his time. His unsuccessful effort to establish a strong centralized Italian state brought him into a long and bitter conflict with the papacy and the Italian urban centers. Henry II was the only Holy Roman Emperor to wear his crown in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem. The Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II (1194-1250) was known as the stupor mundi ("the astonishment of the world") among his European contemporaries. In April 1220 Frederick’s nine-year-old son, Henry VII, was elected king by the German princes, thus negating Frederick’s promise to Pope Innocent that he would relinquish control of Sicily in favour of Henry, for it meant that Sicily and Germany would eventually be united under one ruler. Frederick was finally made Holy Roman Emperor in 1220 CE and he acquired a more personal connection to the Middle East when, in November 1225 CE, he married Isabella II, the heiress to the throne of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II: 5 May 1747: 1 March 1792: married Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain (1745–1792), had issue. When Frederick II Hohenstaufen became the Holy Roman Emperor, he vowed to go on a crusade to Jerusalem to take it back from Muslims. They had four children - Jordon born in 1236, Anges born in 1237, Henry Otto born on February 18, 1238 and Margaret born on December 1, 1241 of whom the first two children did not survive infancy. How-To Tutorials; Suggestions; Machine Translation Editions; Noahs Archive Project; About Us. Frederick II, (born December 26, 1194, Jesi, Ancona, Papal States [Italy]—died December 13, 1250, Castel Fiorentino, Apulia, Kingdom of Sicily), king of Sicily (1197–1250), duke of Swabia (as Frederick VI, 1228–35), German king (1212–50), and Holy Roman emperor (1220–50). The situation was not stabilized until the imperial chancellor conquered Palermo in November 1206 and governed in Frederick’s name. Updates? 22 likes. Frederick II (1194-1250) was Holy Roman emperor from 1215 to 1250. Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250) was King of Sicily from 1198, King of Germany from 1212, King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor from 1220 and King of Jerusalem from 1225. SNAC is a discovery service for persons, families, and organizations found within archival collections at cultural heritage institutions. He had a long relationship with Bianca Lancia who bore him three children, Constance (Anna), Manfred and Violante. Though the medieval Roman Empire was at the height of its strength, the emperor’s death brought it close to dissolution. From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Frederick II (26 December 1194 – 13 December 1250), was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages and head of the House of Hohenstaufen. The next few years Sicily witnessed anarchism with local barons, papal leaders, German captains and cities of Pisa and Genoa fighting vigorously to acquire control over the land. 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